Exposing the Biggest Self-Help Scam in History
Mark Manson tells how Napoleon Hill, a serial con man, wrote Think and Grow Rich, then sorts its good advice from its nonsense and asks whether useful beliefs justify a fabricated origin story.
The gist
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Manson says Carnegie biographer David Nasaw found no record of Hill in Carnegie's papers, and Hill only claimed the meeting after Carnegie died in 1919.
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Manson credits Hill's best ideas: specific written goals with deadlines, persistence, mastermind groups and specialized knowledge, citing research that specific goals improve performance by at least 16%.
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He dismisses the chapters on sex transmutation, the brain as a thought broadcasting station, and the sixth sense as nonsense with no scientific basis.
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Manson argues much self-help works like a placebo: believing you can succeed changes your expectations and behavior, which changes your outcomes.
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Drawing on William James and Derek Sivers, Manson defends useful, not true beliefs, but says Hill crossed a line because the book's authority rests on his lies.
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